Ciconia episcopus is found patchily across South Asia and South East Asia. Its range extends from
Pakistan (where it is now very rare) through
India, lowland
Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh and south-east through
Myanmar,
Thailand,
Lao,
Cambodia,
Viet Nam, Peninsular
Malaysia, the
Philippines, and Sumatra and Java,
Indonesia (del Hoyo
et al. 1992, Grimmett
et al. 1998, Robson 2008). Non-breeders have also been observed in
Iran (Porter and Aspinal 2010). Steep declines have been noted in South-East Asia, including in Laos, Thailand and Cambodia (J. W. Duckworth
in litt. 2013, R. J. Timmins
in litt. 2013, F. Goes
in litt. 2014). In the Philippines, the species appears to have become extirpated or near-extirpated from Luzon (A. Jensen
in litt. 2013). The population in South Asia appears to be stable overall (Praveen J.
in litt. 2014, S. Subramanya
in litt. 2014), with some evidence of local declines (H. Baral and C. Inskipp
in litt. 2014).
Rights Holder: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources
Bibliographic Citation: BirdLife International 2014.
Ciconia episcopus. In: IUCN 2014 . IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2014.1 . <
www.iucnredlist.org>
